Immunization/Vaccinology

Usage of CRISPR Technology in the Development of Vaccines and Immunization against Various Diseases in Poultry, 1

Tazeen Ahsan, Aqsa Zahoor, Saba Majeed, Hamad ur Rehman, Moazam Ali Khan, Muhammad Ali, Syeda Fakhra Waheed, Abid Hussain and Muhammad Asim

Introduction to Livestock Vaccines and Immunity, 7

Kashif Khan, Ijaz Ul Haq, Marwa Bibi, Mehwish Sattar, Adnan, Noor Us Saba Shujaat, Muhammad Hanif, Aziz Ullah Khan, Alamgir, Asad Ullah and Salahuddin

Introduction, History, Types of Vaccines, and Physiology of Immunization, 14

Muaz Ul Hassan Gujjar

Historical Evolution of Vaccines: Milestones in Immunization, 23

Naila Ghafoor and Farwa Shafique

Vaccine Development and Design: From Bench to Beside, 32

Fatima Haider, Farwa Batool, Aqsa Riaz, Khadija Javed, Quratulann Sattar, Umm E Ummara, Naila Ghafoor and Ayesha Ghafoor

Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Role of Vaccines in Prevention, 41

Hamza Khalid, Naila Ghafoor, Ayesha Ghafoor, Neha Anees, Ifrah Hayat, Mehrab Khalil, Umm E Ummara and Tooba Mehar

Conventional and Advanced Approaches in Veterinary Vaccines, 50

Nawal Amin, Marriam Munawar, Ayesha Ijaz, Aleeza Shaffaq, Raqeeb Ullah, Muhammad Anas, Hafsa Tahir and Saleha Tahir

Vaccine Based Cytokines and their Role in T Cell Proliferation, 59

Adnan Afzal, Rais Ahmed, Ummaima Shahzad, Ayesha Tariq, Ieman Tariq, Samina Alias Naina, Naheed Akhtar, Rizwana Dilshad, Samam Wasiq, Sabira Sultana

Role of T-Helper Cells in Generating Effective Humoral Immune Response in Vaccinated Cows, 67

Duaa Hayat, Rais Ahmed, Faisal Siddique^, Umaima Nadeem, Momina Malik, Maria Nazir , Fatima Naeem, Muhammad Amir Haneef and Adnan Afzal

Processing Mechanism of Vaccinal Antigen in the Host for Production of Effective Immunity, 75

Duaa Hayat, Rais Ahmed, Laiba Qadir, Ayesha Riaz, Qurat Ul Ain^, Mehreen Arshad, Rahul Gir, Chand Rafiq, Sherish Latif, Adnan Afzal and Masham Mukhtar

Vaccine-Based Immune Reactions in Dairy Cows, 84

Abdul Moeez Qureshi, Rais Ahmed, Adeel Munawar, Asad Ur Rehman, Hafsa Munir, Maria Ahmed, Muhammad Adnan, Amna Haq and Muhammad Abid

Biological Effects of Complement Activation in Vaccinated Dairy Cows, 93

Maria Nazir, Rais Ahmed, Abdul Moeez Qureshi, Saba Bibi, Abdur Rauf, Ammara Hameed, Fozia Iqbal, Atif Ahmed, Duaa Hayat and Zainab Saeed

Guardian of Animal Health: Unveiling the Social Landscape of Veterinary Vaccination and Immunization, 103

Naveed Farah, Baseerat Iqbal, Saima Afzal and Izhar Ahmad Khan

Immunization Innovation: The Future of Veterinary Vaccines, 110

Muhammad Tariq, Farhad Badshah, Hafiz Muhammad Faheem Akbar, Ateeqah Siddique, Hizran, Arooj Fatima, Saba Saeed, Muhammad Salman Khan and Zohaib Saeed

Understanding the Social and Economic Impact of Vaccines and Immunization Strategies against Emerging Diseases, 120

Maham Fatima, Saad Ahmad, Mariam Anjum, Arooj Fatima, Ateeqah Siddique, Hamna Shahid, Nazish Fatima, Hizran, Mahreen Fatima, Saima Talib and Hafiz Muhammad Hussnain

Diversity of Vaccines and Strategies of Immunization Process, 132

Zoha, Khadija-tul-kubra, Mahnoor malik, Sawaira Ahmad, Aneela Ali, Khadijah Aslam Khokhar, Abdullah Hafeez, Arooj Fatima, Adil khan and Kausar Zeb

Harmony of Health; Vaccination and Immunization in the Realm of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 139

Manan Abrar, Muhammad Qasim, Muhammad Abdullah, Muhammad Hammad Munir, Muhammad Uzair Ashraf, Muhammad Zabarqan Azhar, Fatima Amjad, Sana Fatima and Dr. Shumaila Manzoor

mRNA Vaccine Mechanisms: Unraveling the Biological Wonders, 147

Aoun Muhammad, Muhammad Muneeb, Mariam Tahir Butt, Wania Nasir and Shamshad Ul Hassan

Harmony in Health: Unveiling the one Health Approach Via Vaccine, 153

Kiran Nazish, Yar Muhammad Jalbani, Zahid Iqbal Rajput, Mohammad Farooque Hassan, Shakeel Ahmed, Muneeb ur Rehman Gabol, Fazeelat Hussain, Nasrullah Rind and Muhammad Arslan Yousaf Rehan

Use of Recombinant Vectors as Vaccine in Dairy Animals, 160

Maria Nazir, Rais Ahmed, Hassan Bin Aslam, Saba Bibi, Ammara Hameed, Muhammad Kashif, Wania Shahzadi, Saba Siddique, Umar Bin Zahoor and Asadullah

Challenges in Developing Effective Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Vaccines, 170

Shamreza Aziz, Fatma Ertaş Oğuz, Hina Faiqa, Faiza Riaz, Muhammad Arfan Zaman, Qamar un Nisa, Shahid Hussain Farooqi, Tayyaba Akhtar, Ghulam Murtaza and Danish Ali

Nano Vaccine and their Role in Cancer Immunization, 177

Baheej-un-Nisa, Fatima Khalid, Sofia Bano, Ayesha Maryam, Syeda Naznin Shabbir and Maryam Riaz

Mapping the Dynamics of Vaccination in Parasitology, 186

Haider Abbas, Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Zoraiz, Zeeshan Iqbal, HazratUllah Raheemi, Muhammad Nadeem Saleem, Aiman Maqsood, Adeel Ahmad Awan, Mohsin Raza and Muhammad Raheem

Bovine Babesiosis: The Role of Vaccination in Cattle Protection, 194

Shadan H Abdullah

Recent Advances in mRNA Vaccine Development and Their Control against Parasitic Diseases, 204

Muhammad Tariq, Farhad Badshah, Muhammad Salman Khan, Salma Bibi, Kiran Ashiq, Spogmai Shakoor, Ikram Ullah, Mustafa Kamal, Sohail Anjum, Saboor Badshah and Muhammad Adil

Malarial Vaccination's Compassionate Shield, 214

Shizray Imtiaz Toor, Aqsa Hameed, Muhammad Umair Malik, Eman Zahra, Arooba Imtiaz Toor, Imrana Siddique, Imran ullah and Hamza Aslam

Overview of Vaccination against Babesiosis and Theileriosis, 220

Hizqeel Ahmed Muzaffar, Muhammad Aqeel, Muhammad Taimoor, Muhammad Fawad, Shoukat Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Talha Rahim, Muhammad Usman Irshad and Muhammad Shaheer Arshad

Vaccination Strategies against Malaria, 227

Sahar Mustafa, Mudassar Nazar, Sarmad Rehan, Anas Sarwar Qureshi, Shouket Zaman Khan, Farrah Deeba, Mumtaz Hussain, Abid Ali and Zaima Umar

Vaccination and Plant Extract to Control Ticks, 238

Muhammad Zafran, Zaib un Nisa, Zainab Shahid, Muhammad Jawad, Asra Nayyer, Muhammad Ishtiaq, Muqaddas Naz, Muhammad Athar Niaz, Hazrat Usman Sherani and Muhammad Waqas Munir

Immunization with Live Vaccines for Infectious Laryngotracheitis and Infectious Bronchitis in Avian Species, 247

Hasnat Ahmad Bilal

Role of Vaccines and Immune Boosters in Preventing Coronaviridae: A Comprehensive Review, 253

Hidayatullah Soomro, Abdul Saboor, Muhammad Farooque Hassan, Sapna Solangi, Zahid Iqbal Rajput, Muhammad Ramzan, Mishal Khanzada, Qurat ul Ain and Muhammad Awais Soomro

Role of Vaccines in Controlling COVID-19 Pandemic, 267

Zohaib Mustafa, Rimsha Jamil, Laiba Naeem, Farrah Deeba, Hamza Aziz, Silla Ambrose and Shiv Ram Ashraf

Vaccine: The Only Way to Prevent FMD, 274

Syed Haider Zaman, Jawaria Ali Khan, Muhammad Ashraf, Irtaza Hussain, Muhammad Rizwan yousaf, Muhammad Yaqoob, Rafi ullah, Manzoor Ahmad, Muhammad Umar Farooq and Hizqeel Ahmed Muzaffar

Role of Vaccine against Influenza Disease in Poultry, 280

Rabia Sabir, Hussain Ahmad Saeed, Hammad Ghafoor, Kalsoom Bibi and Ayesha Aslam

Status of Vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus, 288

Ammarah Wahid, Asif Ali, Alishbah Roobi, Raqeeb Ullah, Muhammad Anas, Sadaf Javed, Ifrah Tahir, Hameed Ur Rehman and Saleha Tahir

Vaccine Hesitancy, Understanding Causes and Addressing Concerns, 295

Adeela Naeem, Muqaddas Majeed, Sohiama Nazir, Hafsa Rafiq, Hamna Shafaqat and Momena Habib

Impact of Vaccination on Bacterial Meningitis, 304

Muhammad Haidar Farooq Qureshi, Farzana Anwar, Shaukat Ullah, Muhammad Imran, Usama Tahir, Raqeeb Ulla, Aurangzaib Ijaz, Muhammad Kaleem Iqbal, Nasrullah Safi and Saleha Tahir

Revolutionizing Parasitic Disease Control: The Role of mRNA Vaccines, 312

Rashid Manzoor, Farrah Deeba, Muhammad Mashood Akram, Shair Afghan, Adil Jamal, Mazhar Farooq, Muhammad Taimoor, Nida Hafeez, Abdullah Iqbal, Syed Umer Akhter and Muhammad Adil

Vaccination and Alternate Control Strategies against Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium difficile, 321

Silla Ambrose, Edah Nayab Victor, Akaash Masih, Hina Khurshid, Azka Faheem, Muhammad Shakir, Seemab Fatima, Manahil Shafqat, Anam Fatima and Abdul Aleem

Advancements in Vaccination Strategies for Aquaculture: Protecting Fish Health and Sustainability, 332

Amna Abbas, Sajid Abdullah, Andleeb Zahra, Kaynat Saeed, Dureshahwar, Muhammad Naveed, Rabia Zafar and Neelam Arshad

Precision Vaccinology: Maximal Protection and Minimal Side Effects, 342

Areeba Yousaf^,, Muhammad Ehsan, Muhammad Irfan Malik, Muhammad Rashid, Tauseef ur Rehman, Muhammad Naveed Anwar, Mohsin Nawaz and Muhammed Mohsin Zaman

SWOT Analysis of Edible Vaccine for Public Health, 354

Arooj Fatima, Saad Ahmad, Mariam Anjum, Sofia Kashif, Sawaira Dastgir, Omer Naseer, Unab Zahra, Urwah Ishaque, Mahreen Fatima and Tasleem Kausar

Immunization: Role of Vaccines in Preventing Disease Challenges at Dairy Farms , 365

Muhammad Arslan Aslam, Muhammad Nauman Rafique, Umber Rauf, Usama Anjum, M Khuzema Niaz, Khurram Adrian Shah, Ayesha Qaisar, Bilal Ahmed khan, Arsam Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Saifur Rahman⁰, Saba Mehnaz

Vaccination and Alternate Control Strategies to Control Mycobacterium Species, 373

Amina Umar, Soha Fatima, Nimra Tabassum, Hassaan Bin Sajid, Husnain Hayder, Nouman Tariq, Abubakar Amjad, Muhammad Suleman, Muthhar Ali, Muhammad Rizwan

Role of Vaccination in disease prevention by Immunization, 385

Iram Qadeer^,Aisha Tahir, Fakhra Zulfiqar, Durr-e-Shahwar Maryam

Vaccine Access and Equity; Overcoming Barriers to Immunization, 394

Moqaddas Aslam, Mazhar Abbas, Tariq Hussain, Muhammad Arfan Zaman^, Waqas Haider^,Aqsa Mumtaz and Muhammar Riaz

Role of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Extravasation of Lymphocytes in Immunized Animals, 403

Muhammad Amir Haneef, Rais Ahmed, Faisal Siddique, Adnan Afzal, Shumaila Khan, Muhammad Umar Iqbal, Fatima Naeem, Sadia Batool, Maria Nazir and Asadullah

Cancer Prevention through Immunization, 412

Atha Waheed, Fizza Hafeez, Afza Akram¸Afeera Akhtar, Muhammad Basit Husnain Haider, Sehrish Gul, Ammara Aziz, Sudhair Abbas Bangash, Amara Yasmeen, Saba Nasir, Zaima Gul

Immunoevasion Mechanism of Brucella abortus in Dairy Cows, 421

Zainab Saeed, Rais Ahmed, Aiza Aqeel, Muhammad Abdullah, Muhammad Hussain Taqi, Munaza Rasheed, Adnan Afzal, Maria Nazir, Fatima Naeem and Muhammad Adnan

Role of Complement Proteins in Phagocytosis of Exogenous Antigens, 433

Fatima Naeem, Rais Ahmed, Faiza Naeem, Aiza Aqeel, Saif Ur Rehman, Duaa Hayat, Maria Nazir, Muhammad Amir Haneef, Zainab Saeed and Muqadas Aleem

Management of Escherichia coli (E. coli) Infections Using Alternative and Conventional Medicines, 441

Muhammad Talha, Muhammad Saif Zahid, Ahmed Zuhair, Abdullah Shehzada, Izhan Mehmood Awan, Muhammad Afian Alvi, Zainab Zulfiqar, Shoaib Arshad, Muhammad Huzaifa and Muhammad Aaqib Irshad

Propagation of Signal Transduction by ITAMs in Thymus-Independent Antigens, 451

Adnan Afzal, Rais Ahmed, Muhammad Hussain Taqi, Urwa Gill, Hafsa Munir, Sadia Batool, Muhammad Amir Haneef, Fatima Naeem, Mizna Javed and Asadullah

Effects of Combining Vaccines and Immunostimulants on Protection of Fish Against Infectious Diseases, 460

Sana Alam, Gulnaz Afzal, Ghulam Mustafa, Hafiz Muhammad Ali, Rehana Iqbal, Zahid Iqbal Riaz Hussain, Moeen Afzal, Yasir Mehmood

Beyond the Barn: Immunization in the Modern Age of Animal Husbandry, 469

Iram Ilyas, Najida Irfan, Fazeela Arshad, Khadija Yasmeen, Mishal Razzaq, Muhammad Asif, Imran Amin

Antimicrobial Activity of Aromatic Herb Essential Oils against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 479

Hira Ahsan, Muhammad Azeem, Mudasar Shabir, Maria Ayub, Zeeshan Nawaz, Rasheeha Naveed and Abu Baker Siddique

Vaccination and Immunization: Myths, Facts and Controversies, 497

Asma Noor, Asra Tehsin, Arifa Mehreen, Aisha Khatoon, Khadija Maqbool, Muhammad Imran and Shafia Tehseen Gul

Liver Fluke Vaccination in Large Ruminants, 503

Kiran Afshan, Mashal Khalid, Aqsa Mansoor, Maria Komal, Tayyaba Shan, Aleesha Asghar and Sabika Firasat

The Evolving Landscape of Vaccines, 514

Asma Ashraf, Muhammad Sohail, Ahmed Muneeb, Saima Qadeer, Muhammad Asad, Aqsa Majeed, Hajirah Rafiq, Ayesha Rafique, Syed Khalid Zubair and Nashia Rafique